IDENTIFIKASI GEN DOPAMIN RESEPTOR D2 (DRD2) PADA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA (RSJ) SUDIYANTO SINTANG

Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder with a complex pathophysiology resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Polymorphism in the Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2) gene is known to significantly affect the incidence of schizophrenia and often becomes a target gene for antipsychotic treatment. This study aims to identify the presence of the DRD2 gene in the blood specimens of schizophrenia patients treated at Sudiyanto Sintang Psychiatric Hospital. This descriptive study utilized a simple random sampling method to collect 30 venous blood samples (K3EDTA) from diagnosed schizophrenia patients. Molecular analysis included DNA isolation, purity testing via a Nanodrop Spectrophotometer, gene amplification using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and visualization through agarose gel electrophoresis. The DNA purity test showed an average absorbance ratio of λ 260/280 at 1.916, indicating a good level of DNA extraction purity. Based on the amplification results and electrophoresis visualization, 12 out of 30 specimens (40%) showed specific positive results for the DRD2 gene with a fragment size of 127 base pairs (bp). The remaining 18 specimens (60%) showed negative results. The Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2) gene was successfully identified in 40% of the inpatients with a medical diagnosis of schizophrenia at Sudiyanto Sintang Psychiatric Hospital